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680n - Battle of Karbala: Shia ImamHusayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, was decapitated by forces under CaliphYazid I. This is commemorated by Shi'aMuslims as Aashurah.
732n - Battle of Tours: Near Poitiers, France, leader of the Franks, Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors, stopping the Muslims from spreading into Western Europe. The governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, is killed during the battle.
1471n - Battle of Brunkeberg in Stockholm: Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with help of farmers and miners, repels an attack by Christian I, King of Denmark.
1575n - Battle of Dormans: Roman Catholic forces under Duke Henry of Guise defeated the Protestants, capturing Philippe de Mornay among others.
1582n - Bikos đe Gregorian kälendār riform dè implimènteiçion, nigè dei wa not dū iksist in Italia, Polènd, Portugal en Espanya.
1631n - A Saxon army takes over Prague.
1780n - The 1780n Great Hurricän in Karibbiàn Hói kills 20,000-30,000 pīpol.
1845n - In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School (later renamed the United States Naval Academy) opens with 50 midshipmen students and seven professors.
1860n - The original cornerstone of the University of the South is laid in Sewanee, Tennessee.
1868n - Carlos Céspedes issues the Grito de Yara from his plantation, La Demajagua, proclaiming Cuba's independence.
1889n - Barnard College is founded.
1910n - Tau Epsilon PhiFraternity is established at Columbia University.
1911n - Wuchang Uprising leads to the demise of Qing Dynasty, the last Imperial court in China, and the founding of the Republic of China.
1911n - The KCR East Rail commences service between Kowloon and Canton.
1913n - U.S. PresidentWoodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the Panama Canal.
1919n - Richard Strauss' opera Die Frau ohne Schatten receives its debut performance in Vienna.
1920n - The Carinthian Plebiscite determines that the larger part of Carinthia became part of Austria.
1933n - United Airlines Chesterton Crash: A United AirlinesBoeing 247n is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation.
1935n - A tornado destroys the 160 metre tall wooden radio tower in Langenberg. As a result of this catastrophe, few wooden towers are constructed after this date.
1938n - The Blue Water Bridge opens, connecting Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario
1938n - The Munich Agreement cedes the Sudetenland to Nazi Germany.
1944n - Holocaust: 800 Gypsy children are systematically murdered at Auschwitz death camp.
1954n - The Communist Party of Honduras is founded.
1957n - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower apologises to the finance minister of Ghana, Komla Agbeli Gbdemah, after he was refused service in a Dover, Delawarerestaurant.
1963n - France cedes control of the Bizerte naval base to Tunisia.
1967n - The Outer Space Treaty, signed on January 27n by more than sixty nations, enters into force.
1969n - King Crimson releases their debut album, In the Court of the Crimson King, considered by many to be the first progressive rock album.
1970n - Fiji becomes independent.
1970n - In Montreal, Quebec, a national crisis hits Canada when Quebec Vice-Premier and Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the FLQterrorist group.
1971n - Sold, dismantled and moved to the United States, the London Bridge reopens in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.
1973n - Vice President of the United StatesSpiro Agnew resigns after being charged with federal income tax evasion.
1979n - The Pac-Manarcade game is released to the Japanese market by Namco.
1985n - United States Navy F-14 fighter jets intercept an Egyptian plane carrying the Achille Lauro cruise ship hijackers and force it to land at a NATO base in Sigonella, Sicily where they are arrested.
1986n - An earthquake measuring 7.5 on the Richter Scale strikes San Salvador, El Salvador, killing an estimated 1,500 people.
1995n - South African President Nelson Mandela attends Genadendal.
1997n - An Austral AirlinesDC-9-32n crashes and explodes near Nuevo Berlin, Uruguay, killing 74.
Cutsài[]
1567n - Infanta Caterina Micaela of Spain (d. 1597n)
1678n - John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish soldier (d. 1743n)
1684n - Antoine Watteau, French painter (d. 1721n)
1700n - Lambert-Sigisbert Adam, French sculptor (d. 1759n)
1731n - Henry Cavendish, British scientist (d. 1810n)
1780n - John Abercrombie, Scottish physician (d. 1844n)
1794n - William Whiting Boardman, American politician (d. 1871n)
1813n - Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (d. 1901n)
1819n - Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger, German theologian (d. 1883n)
1825n - Paul Kruger, President of the Transvaal Republic (d. 1904n)
1828n - Samuel J. Randall, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1890n)
1830n - Queen Isabella II of Spain (d. 1904n)
1834n - Aleksis Kivi, Finnish author (d. 1872n)
1837n - Robert Gould Shaw, American Army officer (d. 1863n)
1861n - Fridtjof Nansen, Norwegian explorer, Nobel laureate (d. 1930n)
1863n - Louis Cyr, French Canadian strongman (d. 1912n)
1863n - Helen Dunbar, American actress (d. 1933n)
1864n - T. Frank Appleby, United States Congressman from New Jersey (d. 1924n)
1870n - Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin, Russian writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1953n)
1885n - Walter Anderson, German folklorist (d. 1962n)
1895n - Fridolf Rhudin Swedish actor and comedian (d. 1935n)
1895n - Bhakti Raksaka Sridhara Deva Gosvami Maharaja, Indian guru (d. 1988n)
1895n - Wolfram von Richthofen, German field marshal (d. 1945n)
1898n - Lilly Daché, French-born milliner (d. 1989n)
1900n - Helen Hayes, American actress (d. 1993n)
1901n - Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor (d. 1966n)
1903n - Vernon Duke, American composer and songwriter (d. 1969n)
1903n - Prince Charles of Belgium, Prince Regent of Belgium (d. 1983n)
1906n - Paul Creston, American composer (d. 1985n)
1906n - R.K. Narayan, Indian novelist (d. 2001n)
1908n - Johnny Green, American songwriter, arranger and conductor (d. 1989n)
1908n - Mercè Rodoreda, Catalan novelist (d. 1983n)
1913n - Claude Simon, French writer, Nobel laureate (d. 2005n)
1914n - Tommy Fine, American baseball player (d. 2005n)
1914n - Ivory Joe Hunter, American R&B singer (d. 1974n)
1917n - Thelonious Monk, American jazz pianist (d. 1982n)
1923n - Nicholas Parsons, English actor
1924n - James Clavell, Australian author (d. 1994n)
1924n - Ed Wood, American filmmaker (d. 1978n)
1924n - Ludmilla Tchérina, French ballet dancer and actress (d. 2004n)
1925n - Great Antonio, Croatian-Canadian strongman (d. 2001n)
1926n - Richard Jaeckel, American actor (d. 1997n)
2002n - Teresa Graves, American actress and singer (b. 1948n)
2003n - Eugene Istomin, American pianist (b. 1925n)
2004n - Ken Caminiti, American baseball player (b. 1963n)
2004 - Christopher Reeve, American actor (b. 1952n)
2004 - Arthur H. Robinson, American cartographer (b. 1915n)
2004 - Maurice Shadbolt, New Zealand writer (b. 1932n)
2005n - Wayne Booth, American literary critic (b. 1921n)
2005 - Milton Obote, President of Uganda (b. 1925n)
2006n - Michael John Rogers, English ornithologist (b. 1932n)
2006 - Ian Scott, Canadian politician (b. 1934n)
Holidays and observances[]
Occasionally (once every five or six years, when it falls on a Monday), October 10th is when Columbus Day and Canadian Thanksgiving are observed. Far less frequently, October 10th is coincidental with Yom Kippur.
Republic of China (Taiwan) - National Day (Double Tenth Day 雙十國慶)
Fiji - Fiji Day (National Day)
Japan - National Health-Sports Day
World Mental Health Day
North Korea - Party Foundation Party (celebration the founding of the Workers Party of Korea)